Sexual abuse in childhood is a traumatic and damaging experience that can have a range of effects for young people as they grow and develop.These can include increased risk of mental health difficulties such as depression and anxiety, psychological symptoms such as low self-esteem and guilt, and problem behaviours such as substance misuse (Avery, Massat & Lundy, 2000; Cotgrove & Kolvin, 1994; Haggerty, Sherwood, Garmezy & Rutter, 1996; Mental Health Foundation, 1999; Richardson & Joughin, 2000).A range of research has assessed the impact of sexual Pod Vapes abuse and interventions which have been used to help protect against or alleviate resulting symptoms (Finkelhor & Berliner, 1995; Monck et al., 1996; Stevenson, 1999).Central to many of these studies has been the finding that involving the non-abusing parents of sexually abused children in any treatment approach greatly improves outcomes (Deblinger & Heflin 1996; Finkelhor & Berliner, 1995; Karp, Butler & Bergstrom, 1998).
While many sexually abused young people remain in the care Baggies of their families, a significant number will be placed in substitute care settings.In such settings, opportunities for treatment may be influenced by a greater range of factors and will likely involve a wider range of professionals with less input from family members (Farmer & Pollock, 1998).